Analyzing the Strategies for Integrating Philosophical Rationality and Sharia within the Framework of Islamic Applied Ethics: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

The aim of this study is to identify and explain strategies for integrating philosophical rationality and Sharia within the framework of Islamic applied ethics using a qualitative approach. This research was conducted using a qualitative method and thematic analysis. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 18 experts in Islamic philosophy, jurisprudence, and ethics at academic and religious centers in Tehran. Purposeful sampling continued until theoretical saturation was reached. Interview transcripts were coded and analyzed using Nvivo software. Data analysis revealed that integrating philosophical rationality and Sharia in Islamic applied ethics requires three main strategic domains: (1) reconsidering theoretical foundations and revisiting key concepts in Islamic philosophy and jurisprudence, (2) adopting integrative and hybrid models in ethical theorization, including utilizing maqasid al-sharia (objectives of Sharia) and legal principles, and (3) establishing institutional and cultural infrastructures, such as interdisciplinary education and institutional support for innovative ethical ijtihad. Furthermore, epistemic gaps between philosophy and jurisprudence and institutional barriers were identified as major challenges to effective integration. Integrating philosophical rationality and Sharia within Islamic applied ethics demands conceptual reconsideration, the development of innovative models, and the establishment of educational and cultural institutions. This process can enhance the efficiency and relevance of Islamic ethics in addressing contemporary challenges.